Torrential rain, freezing cold, record-breaking heat and little or no rainfall – all can put stress on plants and at worst kill them.

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New plants will always be the most vulnerable to stress from extreme weather. If you don’t have lots of time to garden, you need to grow plants that can fend for themselves. Fortunately, herbaceous perennials are generally quite a forgiving group and good for this task.

Let your garden choose your plants. If you have damp, heavy soil, avoid perennials that thrive on light, sandy soils – achillea, echinacea and sedum, for example. Sometimes you will see a plant described as a short-lived perennial, such as cultivars of Verbascum chaixii – these plants may last three or four years but cannot be relied on to grace the garden for longer than that, no matter what the conditions. Most perennials, though, have longevity, and because they can be split and increased and moved easily, they are more versatile than shrubs and trees.

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